NEWS: Getting connected

Australian aboriginal children have been given laptops to help them with their homework and to keep in touch with the happenings around the world.

SOON after getting a green laptop distributed free to Aboriginal school children in the hope of combating illiteracy and truancy, Jericho Lacey learned his computer was good for more than just homework.

From his home on Elcho Island, an impoverished tropical outpost, Lacey writes school essays and occasionally plays “maze games” and surfs the net.

“Hopefully, my children will become digitally connected to the rest of the world,” Jericho’s father Marcus said. “This island is not very close to anything.”

In the middle of the Arafura Sea and about 2,000km northwest of Sydney, the former Methodist mission island is no paradise for its inhabitants.
The Elcho island children line up to receive the free laptops. The computers apart from enabling them to do their homework,will allow them to surf the Internet and combat the monotony of island life. — Reuters

Peanut and banana farming was abandoned decades ago, leaving little or no work on the island for the 2,000 or so adults.

Alcohol is banned to stem domestic violence and cars run on a type of petrol that can’t be inhaled after gasoline sniffing became a popular and dangerous past-time for the island’s youth. Pornography is also banned on the island.

Organisers behind the programme hope to combat the monotony of island life with new-found interests such as surfing the Internet and offering the 1,200 school-age children opportunities to learn about the world beyond the dense mangrove swamps that surround the island.

“We’re trying to gives these kids a shot they might not otherwise get growing up here,” said Barry Vercoe, who heads the Asia-Pacific arm of One Laptop Per Child, an international charity he says has so far given away 1.5 million computers.

To date, about 2,000 laptops have been delivered to three schools in indigenous communities in Australia, where illiteracy can be multi-generational and English hardly, if ever, spoken.

The charity which was founded by Nicholas Negroponte, a Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT) researcher, has given computers to school-age children as far afield as Cambodia, Rwanda and Papua New Guinea.

Through private donations and corporate sponsorships, Vercoe hopes to donate 400,000 computers in Australia over the next two or three years, all directly to indigenous school children.

“When we have the opportunity to inoculate against ignorance and illiteracy we must take it,” Vercoe said.

Studies indicate that illiteracy among Aboriginal children has long been underestimated. A report by education ministers in Australia estimates that one in three indigenous third grade students failed to meet a minimum reading standard established by the government for all Australians.

Australia is less than two years into a nationwide initiative to intervene in communities heavily populated by Aborigines, in some instances sending in police and the army to enforce alcohol bans and conduct health checks on children.

A report by the Australian Education Union commissioned to examine government intervention in the Northern Territory found that about US$1.6bil (RM5.6bil) is needed to ensure Aboriginal students have the same opportunities as non-Aboriginal students.

Hardy computers

Designed by Taiwanese company Quanta and manufactured in Shanghai, each rugged XO computer costs US$185 (RM650) and is coated in thick rubber to withstand harsh conditions.

A wireless router enables children to connect with teachers via the Internet. They feature a high-resolution display that can be read in direct sunlight and are known for their low power consumption, operating up to 12 hours on a single battery charge.

At the island’s Shepherdson College, where daily attendance for the children from pre-school age through high school is less than 50% according to the school’s principal, Bryan Hughes, a desire to preserve local Aboriginal culture and language threatens to clash with the introduction of new learning tools imported from the mainland.

“On the one hand, we’re saying: ‘Here, take this computer’. It is yours alone to keep’,” said a teacher at Shepherdson College. At the same time, traditional Aboriginal culture here is much less tied to the notion of individual ownership,” he said.

Differences in lifestyles among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians are at the centre of the educational and economic divides between the groups.

It was in 1967 when changes in the federal constitution recognised Aboriginal people as Australian citizens with equal rights to vote. Before that, they were simply protected under the same laws governing plants and animals.

Traditions of communal ownership still far outweigh the right to hold individual possessions among many Aboriginal settlements.

Vercoe concedes this could be an obstacle. “Once we give a child a computer, we say it’s yours for life,” he said. “That concept can butt up against some of the traditional values, he said.”

Mixing English with Djambarrpuyngu, one of nearly two-dozen regional languages, 10-year-old Naomi Ruluminy Dhurrkay struggles with essay writing on her new computer, but marvels at what else it can do: “I mostly like the Internet and the talking stories,” she said.

Gary Barnes, an administrator from Australia’s Northern Territory Department of Education, said the arrival of personal computers on the island can help teachers but is no cure-all. “These are not silver bullets and on their own they will not make huge differences,” Barnes said.

Nonetheless, said another teacher at the local school, Dianne Dickinson, “Our students enjoy using them, which is a start.” — Reuters